Much more evangelical than Unitarianism, which had a pronounced intellectual and urban ethos, Universalism spread across rural and small-town North America during the 19th and 20th centuries. Through their common emphasis on social action (such as the anti-slavery movement and the later suffragette and birth-control debates) and their evolving theologies of respect for the revelations of secular science, Unitarianism and Universalism drifted closer together, until their eventual official merger in 1961.
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